Verb Exercise Answers

Hello! Today I want to go over the answers from the Bryan Adams song on Monday (and last Friday, too!). I'll divide the verbs into two parts, regular and irregular. I'll also include:

1-the infinitive ("basic") form of the verb in simple present 

2-the simple past form of the verb 

3-the past participle

Remember that for regular verbs, 2 and 3 are the same (that's why they're called regular). For now, don't worry too much about the past participles. The song uses almost exclusively simple past verbs, and we'll focus on the participles and how to use them another day. 

So, here are the verbs from the song (in the order they appear in the song):

Regular Verbs:

play - played - played

try - tried - tried

look - looked - looked

seem - seemed - seemed

last - lasted - lasted

want - wanted - wanted

complain - complained - complained

wait - waited - waited

kill - killed - killed

need - needed - needed

guess - guessed - guessed

change - changed - changed

wonder - wondered - wondered

Irregular Verbs:

get - got - gotten/got*

buy - bought - bought

bleed - bled - bled

(to be) - was/were - been

have - had - had

quit - quit - quit

know - knew - known

do - did - done

spend - spent - spent

meet - met - met

stand - stood - stood

tell - told - told

hold - held - held

unwind - unwound - unwound

come - came - come

go - went - gone

think - thought - thought

Well, that's it for today! On Friday I'd like to continue talking about verbs, but I may do something different. Or I suppose I can make it a surprise, and you'll have to check back on Sitzman ABC on Friday to see!

Thanks for reading, and have a great night!

*As a past participle for the verb get, "gotten" is more common in American English, and "got" is more common in British English.

Regular and Irregular Verbs

Hello! Instead of a normal "Mistake Monday" post today, I wanted to continue the song activity from last Friday. If you remember, we looked at Bryan Adams' song "Summer of '69" and tried to find as many verbs as possible. Today we'll put the verbs into two categories: regular verbs and irregular verbs. But first, what are regular and irregular verbs?

To understand the difference between a regular and an irregular verb in English, you need to compare the verb's present tense with its past tense:

Regular Verbs 

To form the past tense of a regular verb, you simply add "-ed" to the end of the verb (or in some instances "-ied" or just "-d"). For example, the verb cook in the present becomes cooked in the past. Similarly, watch becomes watched, play --> played, change --> changed and try --> tried. Regular verbs are generally easy for most students to learn. Here is a BIG list of regular verbs, along with their Spanish equivalents.

Irregular Verbs

Irregular verbs change from the present to the past form. Normally it's a small change in spelling, but it can also be a change in pronunciation or even a word that looks very different. For example, the past of sit is sat. When changing to the past tense, the verb write becomes wrote, eat --> ate, see --> saw, and drink --> drank. Some words change drastically (I am --> I was, but You are --> You were; and I go changes to I went), but others don't change at all (cut is the same in the past and the present).

Irregular verbs are obviously more difficult to learn, since the changes are unpredictable. Additionally, some of the most common verbs in English are irregular verbs. Unfortunately, they are difficult, but very necessary to learn and practice. Here is a list of irregular verbs, and here is a page with exercises to practice irregular verbs.

If you started to think that English past tense verbs were difficult, just look at this chart for a reminder that it's not that bad! And it doesn't even include the pretérito imperfecto forms, like corría, corrías, corría, corríamos, etc... (Image)

So, when you see a verb in English, how do you know if it is regular or irregular? Unfortunately, the answer is basically this: You don't know. That is, you need to basically practice and memorize the regular verbs, and when you recognize that a verb is irregular, you also need to memorize the past form of that verb. That sounds difficult, but don't worry; with some practice, you'll be OK!

Well, let's practice now!

Yes, that's Bryan Adams. Yes, I'm sorry. (Image)

Look at the Bryan Adams song again (you can go back to the post here, or follow the lyrics below). In the lyrics below, I'll put the verbs in bold print so you can see them more easily. Are the verbs in the present or past tense? Then, decide if each verb is regular or irregular and put them into two categories (you can use the links above for help). If the verbs are irregular, determine what the present and past form of each verb is.

For example, the first two verbs are got (the past of get) and bought (the past of buy); both of these verbs are definitely irregular. But the third verb, played (the past of play) is regular. So, do that with all the verbs. We'll check your answers on Wednesday.
(Note: there are a few grammatical constructions that are a bit difficult for this lesson, like "should have known," so for today, don't worry about them. Just focus on the past and present verbs.)

SUMMER OF '69 - BRYAN ADAMS

I got my first real six-string

Bought it at the five-and-dime

Played it 'til my fingers bled

It was the summer of ‘69

Me and some guys from school

Had a band and we tried real hard

Jimmy quit and Joey got married

Should have known we'd never get far

Oh when I look back now

That summer seemed to last forever

And if I had the choice

Yeah - I'd always want to be there

Those were the best days of my life

Ain't no use in complainin'

When you’ve got a job to do

Spent my evenings down at the drive-in

And that's when I met you yeah

Standin' on your Mama's porch

You told me that you'd wait forever

Oh and when you held my hand

I knew that it was now or never

Those were the best days of my life

Back in the summer of ‘69

Man we were killin' time

We were young and restless

We needed to unwind

I guess nothin' can last forever - forever 

And now the times are changin'

Look at everything that's come and gone

Sometimes when I play that old six-string

I think about you, wonder what went wrong

(repeat chorus)

WOW! Lots of verbs! Remember, a few of them are difficult, and a few of them (like "were killin") aren't actually in the simple present or simple past form. Again, don't worry too much, just try to determine if the verbs are regular or irregular.

We'll check your answers on Wednesday. Until then, thanks for reading, and have a nice week!

Common Error: "Grow" vs. "Grow Up"

Hello, and welcome to Mistake Monday! Actually, I guess at this late hour, I'll have to call it "Mistake Monday Tuesday"! It's been a busy day and my schedule just changed, so please pardon the delay. In fact, I may have to start posting these common errors on Tuesdays, but we'll see. For now, let's look at a quick error. It's pretty small, but it's one I hear surprisingly frequently:

Common Error: Confusing "grow" and "grow up"
DON’T say this:	Those palm trees really grow up quickly, don't they? "When I grow I'm going to be a firefighter," said Jenny. I hope to grow up in my new job. My grandmother always grew up tomatoes in her garden.
WHY?	-Generally, the verb "grow" means to become larger, bigger, or to get more experience. -We can also use the verb grow when talking about agriculture; if you plant a seed, then you want it to grow. -On the other hand, "grow up" means to become older (to age). -Both verbs are irregular; the pattern is grow-grew-grown.
INSTEAD, SAY THIS:	-"Those palm trees really grow quickly, don't they?" -"'When I grow up I'm going to be a firefighter,' said Jenny." -"I hope to grow in my new job." -"My grandmother always grew tomatoes in her garden."

So, that's it for the moment. If you have questions or comments, please leave a comment or contact us. Thanks for reading!

Common Error: Incorrect Plurals

Happy Valentine's Day, but more importantly, Happy Mistake Monday! We're back tonight with a common error that happens more times than you might imagine. It involves nouns with irregular plurals. Let's take a look:

Common Error: Incorrect Plurals (man, woman, child, person)
DON’T say this:	Many beautiful womans live in Costa Rica. This taxi can only carry four persons. My wife and I want to have two childs.
WHY?	-Some nouns in English have irregular plurals. Most plurals in English are formed by adding an "-s" or "-es" to the end of a word, but with irregular plurals, you need to change the word in a different way. For example, in plural: -man becomes men -woman becomes women -child becomes children -and person generally becomes people*  *(The words "persons" and "people" do exist, but they're generally used in a legal or administrative context)
INSTEAD, SAY THIS:	-"Many beautiful women live in Costa Rica." -"This taxi can only carry four people." -"My wife and I want to have two children." -"There are many differences between women and men." -"People are strange." (Remember that "people" is plural in English!)

What other irregular plurals have you come across while learning English? Which ones cause you the most trouble? Be sure to join in the conversation in the comments section!

So, that's it for today. If you have questions or comments, please leave a comment or contact us. Thanks for reading!